Major Reasons for Disproportional Disparities among Farmworkers
Lack of access to preventative health care services; only 20% of the farmworker population is accessing federally subsidized migrant health clinics
Occupational hazards; agriculture is the second most dangerous occupation in the United States
Most farmworkers do not receive health insurance and have little money to pay for out-of-pocket health services.
Farmworkers are typically linguistically, ethnically, and culturally marginalized from the rest of the local community, making it challenging to access social services.
Major Health Problems and Statistics
Compared to the general population, farmworkers have higher rates of infectious diseases, diabetes, hypertension, tuberculosis, anemia, parasitic infections, mental health, substance abuse, malnutrition, and dental problems.
The infant mortality rate is estimated to be between 25% and 125% higher than the national average.
Farmworkers have been identified as ‘special risk’ for STDs. HIV/AIDS infection affects between 2.6% to 13%; ten times the national rate.
Occupational Health Risks Affecting Farmworkers
Agricultural workers are at special risk of heat stress.
Dermatitis, often related to pesticide exposure, is a very common problem for farmworkers.
There is an extremely high rate of musculoskeletal problems due to prolonged body positioning due to the nature of typical farm work.
Green tobacco sickness is experienced almost exclusively by farmworkers. It is a type of nicotine poisoning caused by prolonged, direct contact with tobacco leaves. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, weakness, abdominal cramps, dizziness, and difficulty breathing.
1 - Rosenbaum, S. and Shin, P., Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured. “Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers: Health Insurance Coverage and Access to Care.” Center for Health Services Research and Policy, The George Washington University. April 2005.
2 - U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. “2005 Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses Summary Estimates Charts Packet.” (Washington, DC) 2006.
3 - Farmworker Health Services. “National Needs Assessment Report 2005-2006.” (Oakland, CA) 2006.
4 - National Center for Farmworker Health. “Maternal and Child Health Fact Sheet.” (Buda, TX)
5 - National Center for Farmworker Health. “HIV/AIDS Farmworker Fact Sheet.” (Buda TX)
6 - National Center for Farmworker Health. “Occupational Health Fact Sheet.” (Buda, TX)
7 - ibid.
8 - ibid.